ネットワークカメラの構築、中古二輪車の買取／販売
bokeh、pandas-bokehはインタラクティブなグラフを作成することができるが、これをWordPressに添付するのも割と簡単であったので、のせておきます。
bokehのプログムをrunさせるとrunさせたディレクトリにhtmlファイルが生成されます。これをIDE（私はVisualStudioCode)で開いて、クリップボードにコピーする。
ブロック挿入ツールのウィジェット中に「カスタムHTML」があるので、これを選択し、ダイアログ中にコピーしたhtmlをペーストして、出来上がり
プレビューすると、しっかりbokehのグラフを表示することができます。マウスでドラッグやピンチもできます。
毎日暑いので、エアコンの効いた部屋でノンビリＰＣいじってます。今日は、先日サーバーを入れ替え、自宅温度などをESP32からMySQLに取り込み、これをグラフ化するところまで備忘録にしておきます。
必要モジュールのインストール
今回はpandas-bokehとsqlalchemyをインストールしました。それぞれpipを用いてインストールします。
pip install pandas-bokeh
pip install sqlalchemy全体のコードは以下のとおりです。
import pandas as pd
import sqlalchemy as sa
import pandas_bokeh
user='esp32'
password='*******'
host='192.168.1.**'
db='esp_data'
port=3306
url = f'mysql+pymysql://{user}:{password}@{host}:{port}/{db}?charset=utf8'
engine = sa.create_engine(url,echo=False)
query = "select reading_time,temp from SensorData order by reading_time desc limit 1000"
#query="select * from SensorData order by reading_time desc limit 10"
df = pd.read_sql(query,con=engine,index_col='reading_time')
#print(df)
df.plot_bokeh()
たったこれだけのコードです。16行目のindex_col=’reading_time’でX座標が時間軸になり、ソートはdescですが、プロットするときは経時的に描画されます。
先日お知らせしたBME680による温湿度気圧、ガス濃度の分析です。
今回は秋月電子のセンサを用いていますが、同じようにAdafruitでも同様のセンサキットを用意しており、GithubにてMicroPython用に用意されているAdafruithttps://github.com/robert-hh/BME680-Micropythonのモジュールを用います。
まずはモジュールです。
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# The MIT License (MIT) # # Copyright (c) 2017 ladyada for Adafruit Industries # # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy # of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal # in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights # to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell # copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is # furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: # # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in # all copies or substantial portions of the Software. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR # IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE # AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER # LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN # THE SOFTWARE. # We have a lot of attributes for this complex sensor. # pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attributes """ `bme680` - BME680 - Temperature, Humidity, Pressure & Gas Sensor ================================================================ MicroPython driver from BME680 air quality sensor, based on Adafruit_bme680 * Author(s): Limor 'Ladyada' Fried of Adafruit Jeff Raber (SPI support) and many more contributors """ import time import math from micropython import const from ubinascii import hexlify as hex try: import struct except ImportError: import ustruct as struct # I2C ADDRESS/BITS/SETTINGS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------- _BME680_CHIPID = const(0x61) _BME680_REG_CHIPID = const(0xD0) _BME680_BME680_COEFF_ADDR1 = const(0x89) _BME680_BME680_COEFF_ADDR2 = const(0xE1) _BME680_BME680_RES_HEAT_0 = const(0x5A) _BME680_BME680_GAS_WAIT_0 = const(0x64) _BME680_REG_SOFTRESET = const(0xE0) _BME680_REG_CTRL_GAS = const(0x71) _BME680_REG_CTRL_HUM = const(0x72) _BME280_REG_STATUS = const(0xF3) _BME680_REG_CTRL_MEAS = const(0x74) _BME680_REG_CONFIG = const(0x75) _BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT = const(0x73) _BME680_REG_MEAS_STATUS = const(0x1D) _BME680_REG_PDATA = const(0x1F) _BME680_REG_TDATA = const(0x22) _BME680_REG_HDATA = const(0x25) _BME680_SAMPLERATES = (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16) _BME680_FILTERSIZES = (0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127) _BME680_RUNGAS = const(0x10) _LOOKUP_TABLE_1 = (2147483647.0, 2147483647.0, 2147483647.0, 2147483647.0, 2147483647.0, 2126008810.0, 2147483647.0, 2130303777.0, 2147483647.0, 2147483647.0, 2143188679.0, 2136746228.0, 2147483647.0, 2126008810.0, 2147483647.0, 2147483647.0) _LOOKUP_TABLE_2 = (4096000000.0, 2048000000.0, 1024000000.0, 512000000.0, 255744255.0, 127110228.0, 64000000.0, 32258064.0, 16016016.0, 8000000.0, 4000000.0, 2000000.0, 1000000.0, 500000.0, 250000.0, 125000.0) def _read24(arr): """Parse an unsigned 24-bit value as a floating point and return it.""" ret = 0.0 #print([hex(i) for i in arr]) for b in arr: ret *= 256.0 ret += float(b & 0xFF) return ret class Adafruit_BME680: """Driver from BME680 air quality sensor :param int refresh_rate: Maximum number of readings per second. Faster property reads will be from the previous reading.""" def __init__(self, *, refresh_rate=10): """Check the BME680 was found, read the coefficients and enable the sensor for continuous reads.""" self._write(_BME680_REG_SOFTRESET, [0xB6]) time.sleep(0.005) # Check device ID. chip_id = self._read_byte(_BME680_REG_CHIPID) if chip_id != _BME680_CHIPID: raise RuntimeError('Failed to find BME680! Chip ID 0x%x' % chip_id) self._read_calibration() # set up heater self._write(_BME680_BME680_RES_HEAT_0, [0x73]) self._write(_BME680_BME680_GAS_WAIT_0, [0x65]) self.sea_level_pressure = 1013.25 """Pressure in hectoPascals at sea level. Used to calibrate ``altitude``.""" # Default oversampling and filter register values. self._pressure_oversample = 0b011 self._temp_oversample = 0b100 self._humidity_oversample = 0b010 self._filter = 0b010 self._adc_pres = None self._adc_temp = None self._adc_hum = None self._adc_gas = None self._gas_range = None self._t_fine = None self._last_reading = 0 self._min_refresh_time = 1000 / refresh_rate @property def pressure_oversample(self): """The oversampling for pressure sensor""" return _BME680_SAMPLERATES[self._pressure_oversample] @pressure_oversample.setter def pressure_oversample(self, sample_rate): if sample_rate in _BME680_SAMPLERATES: self._pressure_oversample = _BME680_SAMPLERATES.index(sample_rate) else: raise RuntimeError("Invalid oversample") @property def humidity_oversample(self): """The oversampling for humidity sensor""" return _BME680_SAMPLERATES[self._humidity_oversample] @humidity_oversample.setter def humidity_oversample(self, sample_rate): if sample_rate in _BME680_SAMPLERATES: self._humidity_oversample = _BME680_SAMPLERATES.index(sample_rate) else: raise RuntimeError("Invalid oversample") @property def temperature_oversample(self): """The oversampling for temperature sensor""" return _BME680_SAMPLERATES[self._temp_oversample] @temperature_oversample.setter def temperature_oversample(self, sample_rate): if sample_rate in _BME680_SAMPLERATES: self._temp_oversample = _BME680_SAMPLERATES.index(sample_rate) else: raise RuntimeError("Invalid oversample") @property def filter_size(self): """The filter size for the built in IIR filter""" return _BME680_FILTERSIZES[self._filter] @filter_size.setter def filter_size(self, size): if size in _BME680_FILTERSIZES: self._filter = _BME680_FILTERSIZES[size] else: raise RuntimeError("Invalid size") @property def temperature(self): """The compensated temperature in degrees celsius.""" self._perform_reading() calc_temp = (((self._t_fine * 5) + 128) / 256) return calc_temp / 100 @property def pressure(self): """The barometric pressure in hectoPascals""" self._perform_reading() var1 = (self._t_fine / 2) - 64000 var2 = ((var1 / 4) * (var1 / 4)) / 2048 var2 = (var2 * self._pressure_calibration[5]) / 4 var2 = var2 + (var1 * self._pressure_calibration[4] * 2) var2 = (var2 / 4) + (self._pressure_calibration[3] * 65536) var1 = (((((var1 / 4) * (var1 / 4)) / 8192) * (self._pressure_calibration[2] * 32) / 8) + ((self._pressure_calibration[1] * var1) / 2)) var1 = var1 / 262144 var1 = ((32768 + var1) * self._pressure_calibration[0]) / 32768 calc_pres = 1048576 - self._adc_pres calc_pres = (calc_pres - (var2 / 4096)) * 3125 calc_pres = (calc_pres / var1) * 2 var1 = (self._pressure_calibration[8] * (((calc_pres / 8) * (calc_pres / 8)) / 8192)) / 4096 var2 = ((calc_pres / 4) * self._pressure_calibration[7]) / 8192 var3 = (((calc_pres / 256) ** 3) * self._pressure_calibration[9]) / 131072 calc_pres += ((var1 + var2 + var3 + (self._pressure_calibration[6] * 128)) / 16) return calc_pres/100 @property def humidity(self): """The relative humidity in RH %""" self._perform_reading() temp_scaled = ((self._t_fine * 5) + 128) / 256 var1 = ((self._adc_hum - (self._humidity_calibration[0] * 16)) - ((temp_scaled * self._humidity_calibration[2]) / 200)) var2 = (self._humidity_calibration[1] * (((temp_scaled * self._humidity_calibration[3]) / 100) + (((temp_scaled * ((temp_scaled * self._humidity_calibration[4]) / 100)) / 64) / 100) + 16384)) / 1024 var3 = var1 * var2 var4 = self._humidity_calibration[5] * 128 var4 = (var4 + ((temp_scaled * self._humidity_calibration[6]) / 100)) / 16 var5 = ((var3 / 16384) * (var3 / 16384)) / 1024 var6 = (var4 * var5) / 2 calc_hum = (((var3 + var6) / 1024) * 1000) / 4096 calc_hum /= 1000 # get back to RH if calc_hum > 100: calc_hum = 100 if calc_hum < 0: calc_hum = 0 return calc_hum @property def altitude(self): """The altitude based on current ``pressure`` vs the sea level pressure (``sea_level_pressure``) - which you must enter ahead of time)""" pressure = self.pressure # in Si units for hPascal return 44330 * (1.0 - math.pow(pressure / self.sea_level_pressure, 0.1903)) @property def gas(self): """The gas resistance in ohms""" self._perform_reading() var1 = ((1340 + (5 * self._sw_err)) * (_LOOKUP_TABLE_1[self._gas_range])) / 65536 var2 = ((self._adc_gas * 32768) - 16777216) + var1 var3 = (_LOOKUP_TABLE_2[self._gas_range] * var1) / 512 calc_gas_res = (var3 + (var2 / 2)) / var2 return int(calc_gas_res) def _perform_reading(self): """Perform a single-shot reading from the sensor and fill internal data structure for calculations""" if (time.ticks_diff(self._last_reading, time.ticks_ms()) * time.ticks_diff(0, 1) < self._min_refresh_time): return # set filter self._write(_BME680_REG_CONFIG, [self._filter << 2]) # turn on temp oversample & pressure oversample self._write(_BME680_REG_CTRL_MEAS, [(self._temp_oversample << 5)|(self._pressure_oversample << 2)]) # turn on humidity oversample self._write(_BME680_REG_CTRL_HUM, [self._humidity_oversample]) # gas measurements enabled self._write(_BME680_REG_CTRL_GAS, [_BME680_RUNGAS]) ctrl = self._read_byte(_BME680_REG_CTRL_MEAS) ctrl = (ctrl & 0xFC) | 0x01 # enable single shot! self._write(_BME680_REG_CTRL_MEAS, [ctrl]) new_data = False while not new_data: data = self._read(_BME680_REG_MEAS_STATUS, 15) new_data = data[0] & 0x80 != 0 time.sleep(0.005) self._last_reading = time.ticks_ms() self._adc_pres = _read24(data[2:5]) / 16 self._adc_temp = _read24(data[5:8]) / 16 self._adc_hum = struct.unpack('>H', bytes(data[8:10]))[0] self._adc_gas = int(struct.unpack('>H', bytes(data[13:15]))[0] / 64) self._gas_range = data[14] & 0x0F var1 = (self._adc_temp / 8) - (self._temp_calibration[0] * 2) var2 = (var1 * self._temp_calibration[1]) / 2048 var3 = ((var1 / 2) * (var1 / 2)) / 4096 var3 = (var3 * self._temp_calibration[2] * 16) / 16384 self._t_fine = int(var2 + var3) def _read_calibration(self): """Read & save the calibration coefficients""" coeff = self._read(_BME680_BME680_COEFF_ADDR1, 25) coeff += self._read(_BME680_BME680_COEFF_ADDR2, 16) coeff = list(struct.unpack('<hbBHhbBhhbbHhhBBBHbbbBbHhbb', bytes(coeff[1:39]))) # print("\n\n",coeff) coeff = [float(i) for i in coeff] self._temp_calibration = [coeff[x] for x in [23, 0, 1]] self._pressure_calibration = [coeff[x] for x in [3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 9, 12, 13, 14]] self._humidity_calibration = [coeff[x] for x in [17, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]] self._gas_calibration = [coeff[x] for x in [25, 24, 26]] # flip around H1 & H2 self._humidity_calibration[1] *= 16 self._humidity_calibration[1] += self._humidity_calibration[0] % 16 self._humidity_calibration[0] /= 16 self._heat_range = (self._read_byte(0x02) & 0x30) / 16 self._heat_val = self._read_byte(0x00) self._sw_err = (self._read_byte(0x04) & 0xF0) / 16 def _read_byte(self, register): """Read a byte register value and return it""" return self._read(register, 1)[0] def _read(self, register, length): raise NotImplementedError() def _write(self, register, values): raise NotImplementedError() class BME680_I2C(Adafruit_BME680): """Driver for I2C connected BME680. :param i2c: I2C device object :param int address: I2C device address :param bool debug: Print debug statements when True. :param int refresh_rate: Maximum number of readings per second. Faster property reads will be from the previous reading.""" def __init__(self, i2c, address=0x77, debug=False, *, refresh_rate=10): """Initialize the I2C device at the 'address' given""" self._i2c = i2c self._address = address self._debug = debug super().__init__(refresh_rate=refresh_rate) def _read(self, register, length): """Returns an array of 'length' bytes from the 'register'""" result = bytearray(length) self._i2c.readfrom_mem_into(self._address, register & 0xff, result) if self._debug: print("\t${:x} read ".format(register), " ".join(["{:02x}".format(i) for i in result])) return result def _write(self, register, values): """Writes an array of 'length' bytes to the 'register'""" if self._debug: print("\t${:x} write".format(register), " ".join(["{:02x}".format(i) for i in values])) for value in values: self._i2c.writeto_mem(self._address, register, bytearray([value & 0xFF])) register += 1 class BME680_SPI(Adafruit_BME680): """Driver for SPI connected BME680. :param spi: SPI device object, configured :param cs: Chip Select Pin object, configured to OUT mode :param bool debug: Print debug statements when True. :param int refresh_rate: Maximum number of readings per second. Faster property reads will be from the previous reading. """ def __init__(self, spi, cs, debug=False, *, refresh_rate=10): self._spi = spi self._cs = cs self._debug = debug self._cs(1) super().__init__(refresh_rate=refresh_rate) def _read(self, register, length): if register != _BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT: # _BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT exists in both SPI memory pages # For all other registers, we must set the correct memory page self._set_spi_mem_page(register) register = (register | 0x80) & 0xFF # Read single, bit 7 high. try: self._cs(0) self._spi.write(bytearray([register])) # pylint: disable=no-member result = bytearray(length) self._spi.readinto(result) # pylint: disable=no-member if self._debug: print("\t${:x} read ".format(register), " ".join(["{:02x}".format(i) for i in result])) except Exception as e: print (e) result = None finally: self._cs(1) return result def _write(self, register, values): if register != _BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT: # _BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT exists in both SPI memory pages # For all other registers, we must set the correct memory page self._set_spi_mem_page(register) register &= 0x7F # Write, bit 7 low. try: self._cs(0) buffer = bytearray(2 * len(values)) for i, value in enumerate(values): buffer[2 * i] = register + i buffer[2 * i + 1] = value & 0xFF self._spi.write(buffer) # pylint: disable=no-member if self._debug: print("\t${:x} write".format(register), " ".join(["{:02x}".format(i) for i in values])) except Exception as e: print (e) finally: self._cs(1) def _set_spi_mem_page(self, register): spi_mem_page = 0x00 if register < 0x80: spi_mem_page = 0x10 self._write(_BME680_REG_PAGE_SELECT, [spi_mem_page]) |
このモジュールを用いますと簡単に測定できます。Adafruitで用意しているテスト用プログラムを使用し、毎度のプルアップをソフト的に行います。
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from bme680 import * from machine import I2C, Pin import time p21 = Pin(21, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP) p23 = Pin(23, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP) bme = BME680_I2C(I2C(-1, Pin(21), Pin(23))) for _ in range(3): print(bme.temperature, bme.humidity, bme.pressure, bme.gas) time.sleep(1) |
あっという間に出来上がりです。
C:\Users\>ampy -p com3 run c:\micropython\bmetest.py
Warning: I2C(-1, ...) is deprecated, use SoftI2C(...) instead
15.30285 45.3333 1031.108 269211
15.31457 45.40735 1031.111 116460
15.33859 45.47064 1031.105 124723次回はこれを用いて、DBにつなぎます。
Pythonパッケージのインストールにはpipが使用されるが、久しぶりに使用したので、pip自体のアップデートを行った。
C:\Users\>python -m pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fe/ef/60d7ba03b5c442309ef42e7d69959f73aacccd0d86008362a681c4698e83/pip-21.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.5MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.5MB 51kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 19.0.2
Uninstalling pip-19.0.2:
Successfully uninstalled pip-19.0.2
Successfully installed pip-21.0.1もともと入っていたpipのバージョン19.0.2から21.0.1までアップデートしました。相当サボっていたのがわかります。